Who founded the American Red Cross?

• A. Eleanor Roosevelt
• B. Sally Ride
• C. Hillary Rodham Clinton
• D. Clara Barton

Answer: (D)

Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross, drawing on her Civil War nursing experience and her commitment to organized humanitarian relief. In 1881 she established the organization in the United States, creating a domestic counterpart to the International Committee of the Red Cross to provide emergency aid and disaster relief at home. She advocated for U.S. participation in Red Cross principles and helped secure government support to formalize the group. The other names listed are notable figures, but they did not start the American Red Cross.